Deuteronomy 22NLT
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Deuteronomy22

New Living Translation

1“If you see your neighbor’s ox or sheep or goat wandering away, don’t ignore your responsibility. Take it back to its owner.

2If its owner does not live nearby or you don’t know who the owner is, take it to your place and keep it until the owner comes looking for it. Then you must return it.

3Do the same if you find your neighbor’s donkey, clothing, or anything else your neighbor loses. Don’t ignore your responsibility.

4“If you see that your neighbor’s donkey or ox has collapsed on the road, do not look the other way. Go and help your neighbor get it back on its feet!

5“A woman must not put on men’s clothing, and a man must not wear women’s clothing. Anyone who does this is detestable in the sight of the Lord your God.

6“If you happen to find a bird’s nest in a tree or on the ground, and there are young ones or eggs in it with the mother sitting in the nest, do not take the mother with the young.

7You may take the young, but let the mother go, so that you may prosper and enjoy a long life.

8“When you build a new house, you must build a railing around the edge of its flat roof. That way you will not be considered guilty of murder if someone falls from the roof.

9“You must not plant any other crop between the rows of your vineyard. If you do, you are forbidden to use either the grapes from the vineyard or the other crop.

10“You must not plow with an ox and a donkey harnessed together.

11“You must not wear clothing made of wool and linen woven together.

12“You must put four tassels on the hem of the cloak with which you cover yourself—on the front, back, and sides.

13“Suppose a man marries a woman, but after sleeping with her, he turns against her

14and publicly accuses her of shameful conduct, saying, ‘When I married this woman, I discovered she was not a virgin.’

15Then the woman’s father and mother must bring the proof of her virginity to the elders as they hold court at the town gate.

16Her father must say to them, ‘I gave my daughter to this man to be his wife, and now he has turned against her.

17He has accused her of shameful conduct, saying, “I discovered that your daughter was not a virgin.” But here is the proof of my daughter’s virginity.’ Then they must spread her bed sheet before the elders.

18The elders must then take the man and punish him.

19They must also fine him 100 pieces of silver, which he must pay to the woman’s father because he publicly accused a virgin of Israel of shameful conduct. The woman will then remain the man’s wife, and he may never divorce her.

20“But suppose the man’s accusations are true, and he can show that she was not a virgin.

21The woman must be taken to the door of her father’s home, and there the men of the town must stone her to death, for she has committed a disgraceful crime in Israel by being promiscuous while living in her parents’ home. In this way, you will purge this evil from among you.

22“If a man is discovered committing adultery, both he and the woman must die. In this way, you will purge Israel of such evil.

23“Suppose a man meets a young woman, a virgin who is engaged to be married, and he has sexual intercourse with her. If this happens within a town,

24you must take both of them to the gates of that town and stone them to death. The woman is guilty because she did not scream for help. The man must die because he violated another man’s wife. In this way, you will purge this evil from among you.

25“But if the man meets the engaged woman out in the country, and he rapes her, then only the man must die.

26Do nothing to the young woman; she has committed no crime worthy of death. She is as innocent as a murder victim.

27Since the man raped her out in the country, it must be assumed that she screamed, but there was no one to rescue her.

28“Suppose a man has intercourse with a young woman who is a virgin but is not engaged to be married. If they are discovered,

29he must pay her father fifty pieces of silver. Then he must marry the young woman because he violated her, and he may never divorce her as long as he lives.

30“A man must not marry his father’s former wife, for this would violate his father.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Deuteronomy 22.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Of humanity towards brethren. (1–4). Various precepts. (5–12). Against impurity. (13–30).

vv1-4

If we duly regard the golden rule of “doing to others as we would they should do unto us,” many particular precepts might be omitted. We can have no property in any thing that we find. Religion teaches us to be neighbourly, and to be ready to do all good offices to all men. We know not how soon we may have occasion for help.

vv5-12

God's providence extends itself to the smallest affairs, and his precepts do so, that even in them we may be in the fear of the Lord, as we are under his eye and care. Yet the tendency of these laws, which seem little, is such, that being found among the things of God's law, they are to be accounted great things. If we would prove ourselves to be God's people, we must have respect to his will and to his glory, and not to the vain fashions of the world. Even in putting on our garments, as in eating or in drinking, all must be done with a serious regard to preserve our own and others' purity in heart and actions. Our eye should be single, our heart simple, and our behaviour all of a piece.

vv13-30

These and the like regulations might be needful then, and yet it is not necessary that we should curiously examine respecting them. The laws relate to the seventh commandment, laying a restraint upon fleshly lusts which war against the soul.

Cross References

Deuteronomy 22
v1Exodus 23:4thematic

Parallels the command to return lost animals, specifically extending the duty even to an enemy's beast.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v9Leviticus 19:19thematic

Direct parallel forbidding mixtures of seeds, livestock breeding, and blended garments.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v4Exodus 23:5thematic

Direct parallel command to assist in lifting up a fallen animal belonging to another.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v12Numbers 15:38thematic

The primary institutional command to make fringes on the borders of garments.

Supported by JFB

v30Leviticus 18:8thematic

Parallel prohibition against uncovering the nakedness of a father's wife.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v5Zephaniah 1:8thematic

Prophetic condemnation of those clothed with strange apparel, echoing the prohibition of unnatural clothing.

Supported by JFB

New Testament moral/spiritual application of not being unequally yoked (plowing with different beasts).

Supported by JFB

v22Leviticus 20:10thematic

The Levitical law prescribing the death penalty for both partners in adultery.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v23Matthew 1:18thematic

Illustrates Jewish betrothal custom where Mary was espoused to Joseph before they came together.

Supported by Matthew Henry

The formal curse pronounced upon anyone who lies with his father's wife.

Supported by Matthew Henry

New Testament correction of incest involving a man taking his father's wife.

Supported by Matthew Henry

New Testament discussion on maintaining natural, gender-distinct hair and head coverings in worship.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v82 Samuel 11:2thematic

Historical example of walking on a flat roof, highlighting the necessity of battlements.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v22John 8:5thematic

The Pharisees cite this Mosaic stoning penalty in the case of the woman caught in adultery.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v28Exodus 22:16thematic

Parallel law regarding the seduction of an unbetrothed virgin and financial restitution.

Supported by Matthew Henry