Genesis 45NIV
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Genesis45

New International Version

1Then Joseph could no longer control himself before all his attendants, and he cried out, “Have everyone leave my presence!” So there was no one with Joseph when he made himself known to his brothers.

2And he wept so loudly that the Egyptians heard him, and Pharaoh’s household heard about it.

3Joseph said to his brothers, “I am Joseph! Is my father still living?” But his brothers were not able to answer him, because they were terrified at his presence.

4Then Joseph said to his brothers, “Come close to me.” When they had done so, he said, “I am your brother Joseph, the one you sold into Egypt!

5And now, do not be distressed and do not be angry with yourselves for selling me here, because it was to save lives that God sent me ahead of you.

6For two years now there has been famine in the land, and for the next five years there will be no plowing and reaping.

7But God sent me ahead of you to preserve for you a remnant on earth and to save your lives by a great deliverance.

8“So then, it was not you who sent me here, but God. He made me father to Pharaoh, lord of his entire household and ruler of all Egypt.

9Now hurry back to my father and say to him, ‘This is what your son Joseph says: God has made me lord of all Egypt. Come down to me; don’t delay.

10You shall live in the region of Goshen and be near me—you, your children and grandchildren, your flocks and herds, and all you have.

11I will provide for you there, because five years of famine are still to come. Otherwise you and your household and all who belong to you will become destitute.’

12“You can see for yourselves, and so can my brother Benjamin, that it is really I who am speaking to you.

13Tell my father about all the honor accorded me in Egypt and about everything you have seen. And bring my father down here quickly.”

14Then he threw his arms around his brother Benjamin and wept, and Benjamin embraced him, weeping.

15And he kissed all his brothers and wept over them. Afterward his brothers talked with him.

16When the news reached Pharaoh’s palace that Joseph’s brothers had come, Pharaoh and all his officials were pleased.

17Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Tell your brothers, ‘Do this: Load your animals and return to the land of Canaan,

18and bring your father and your families back to me. I will give you the best of the land of Egypt and you can enjoy the fat of the land.’

19“You are also directed to tell them, ‘Do this: Take some carts from Egypt for your children and your wives, and get your father and come.

20Never mind about your belongings, because the best of all Egypt will be yours.’”

21So the sons of Israel did this. Joseph gave them carts, as Pharaoh had commanded, and he also gave them provisions for their journey.

22To each of them he gave new clothing, but to Benjamin he gave three hundred shekels of silver and five sets of clothes.

23And this is what he sent to his father: ten donkeys loaded with the best things of Egypt, and ten female donkeys loaded with grain and bread and other provisions for his journey.

24Then he sent his brothers away, and as they were leaving he said to them, “Don’t quarrel on the way!”

25So they went up out of Egypt and came to their father Jacob in the land of Canaan.

26They told him, “Joseph is still alive! In fact, he is ruler of all Egypt.” Jacob was stunned; he did not believe them.

27But when they told him everything Joseph had said to them, and when he saw the carts Joseph had sent to carry him back, the spirit of their father Jacob revived.

28And Israel said, “I’m convinced! My son Joseph is still alive. I will go and see him before I die.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 45.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Joseph comforts his brethren, and sends for his father. (1–15). Pharaoh confirms Joseph's invitation, Joseph's gifts to his brethren. (16–24). Jacob receives the news of Joseph's being alive. (25–28).

vv1-15

Joseph let Judah go on, and heard all he had to say. He found his brethren humbled for their sins, mindful of himself, for Judah had mentioned him twice in his speech, respectful to their father, and very tender of their brother Benjamin. Now they were ripe for the comfort he designed, by making himself known. Joseph ordered all his attendants to withdraw. Thus Christ makes himself and his loving-kindness known to his people, out of the sight and hearing of the world. Joseph shed tears of tenderness and strong affection, and with these threw off that austerity with which he had hitherto behaved toward his brethren. This represents the Divine compassion toward returning penitents. “I am Joseph, your brother.” This would humble them yet more for their sin in selling him, but would encourage them to hope for kind treatment. Thus, when Christ would convince Paul, he said, I am Jesus; and when he would comfort his disciples, he said, It is I, be not afraid. When Christ manifests himself to his people, he encourages them to draw near to him with a true heart. Joseph does so, and shows them, that whatever they thought to do against him, God had brought good out of it. Sinners must grieve and be angry with themselves for their sins, though God brings good out of it, for that is no thanks to them. The agreement between all this, and the case of a sinner, on Christ's manifesting himself to his soul, is very striking. He does not, on this account, think sin a less, but a greater evil; and yet he is so armed against despair, as even to rejoice in what God hath wrought, while he trembles in thinking of the dangers and destruction from which he has escaped. Joseph promises to take care of his father and all the family. It is the duty of children, if the necessity of their parents at any time require it, to support and supply them to the utmost of their ability; this is showing piety at home, 1Ti 5:4. After Joseph had embraced Benjamin, he caressed them all, and then his brethren talked with him freely of all the affairs of their father's house. After the tokens of true reconciliation with the Lord Jesus, sweet communion with him follows.

vv16-24

Pharaoh was kind to Joseph, and to his relations for his sake. Egypt would make up the losses of their removal. Thus those for whom Christ intends his heavenly glory, ought not to regard the things of this world. The best of its enjoyments are but lumber; we cannot make sure of them while here, much less can we carry them away with us. Let us not set our eyes or hearts upon the world; there are better things for us in that blessed land, whither Christ, our Joseph, is gone to prepare a place. Joseph dismissed his brethren with a seasonable caution, “See that ye fall not out by the way.” He knew they were too apt to be quarrelsome; and having forgiven them all, he lays this charge upon them, not to upbraid one another. This command our Lord Jesus has given to us, that we love one another, and that whatever happens, or has happened, we fall not out. For we are brethren, we have all one Father. We are all guilty, and instead of quarrelling with one another, have reason to fall out with ourselves. We are, or hope to be, forgiven of God, whom we have all offended, and, therefore, should be ready to forgive one another. We are “by the way,” a way through the land of Egypt, where we have many eyes upon us, that seek advantage against us; a way that leads to the heavenly Canaan, where we hope to be for ever in perfect peace.

vv25-28

To hear that Joseph is alive, is too good news to be true; Jacob faints, for he believes it not. We faint, because we do not believe. At length, Jacob is convinced of the truth. Jacob was old, and did not expect to live long. He says, Let my eyes be refreshed with this sight before they are closed, and then I need no more to make me happy in this world. Behold Jesus manifesting himself as a Brother and a Friend to those who once were his despisers, his enemies. He assures them of his love and the riches of his grace. He commands them to lay aside envy, anger, malice, and strife, and to live in peace with each other. He teaches them to give up the world for him and his fulness. He supplies all that is needful to bring them home to himself, that where he is they may be also. And though, when he at last sends for his people, they may for a time feel some doubts and fears, yet the thought of seeing his glory and of being with him, will enable them to say, It is enough, I am willing to die; and I go to see, and to be with the Beloved of my soul.

Cross References

Genesis 45
v5Genesis 50:20thematic

Explicit parallel of God's sovereign hand overruling human evil intent for the preservation of life.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v28Genesis 46:30thematic

Jacob's statement 'I will go and see him before I die' directly anticipates their meeting and his words.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v1Acts 7:13thematic

Stephen's inspired historical summary of Joseph making himself known to his brothers on their second visit.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v5Psalms 105:17thematic

The Psalmist's commentary on Joseph being sent ahead by God into Egypt as a slave.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v26Luke 24:41thematic

Parallels Jacob's inability to believe the good news due to overwhelming shock, like the disciples at the resurrection.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v26Luke 24:11thematic

Jacob's disbelief of his sons' report parallels the apostles initially treating the news of Jesus' resurrection as idle tales.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v4Genesis 37:28thematic

The historical act of his brothers selling Joseph, which he now recalls to confirm identity.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v101 Timothy 5:4thematic

New Testament command of showing piety by supporting parents, exemplified by Joseph's provision.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v14Luke 15:20allusion

Verbal and thematic parallel to the father falling on the neck and kissing the returning penitent.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v22Genesis 43:34thematic

Joseph's favoritism of Benjamin with five changes of raiment recalls the fivefold portion given at the feast.

Supported by JFB

v24Genesis 42:21thematic

Joseph's warning not to fall out reflects their potential to blame one another for their past guilt.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Acts 9:5thematic

Christ's self-revelation to Paul ('I am Jesus') mirroring Joseph's shocking disclosure of his identity.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v8Genesis 41:40thematic

The fulfillment of Joseph's elevation as lord of Pharaoh's house and ruler over Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v8Psalms 105:21thematic

Scriptural song celebrating Joseph's appointment as lord of Pharaoh's house and substance.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v9Acts 7:14thematic

Stephen's discourse recounting Joseph sending for his father Jacob and all his family.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v12Luke 24:39thematic

Christ reassuring startled disciples by inviting physical and ocular confirmation, echoing Joseph's appeal.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v21Genesis 45:19thematic

The direct execution of Pharaoh's command to take wagons from Egypt for their families.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v271 Samuel 30:12thematic

Identical idiom of one's 'spirit reviving' after receiving physical or visual proof of life.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v4Acts 7:9thematic

Stephen's summary of the patriarchs' envy in selling Joseph, who was yet delivered by God.

Supported by John Calvin

v5Philemon 1:15thematic

Paul's parallel theological framing of temporary departure being overruled for eternal preservation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v6Isaiah 30:24thematic

Linguistic definition of 'earing' as ploughing or tilling the ground.

Supported by JFB

v28Luke 2:29-30thematic

Jacob's satisfaction to die after seeing Joseph parallels Simeon's Nunc Dimittis upon seeing the Savior.

Supported by Matthew Henry