Proverbs 30ESV
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Proverbs30

English Standard Version

1The of of . The oracle. , I am weary, O ; I am weary, O , and .

2 I to be a . I have the of a .

3I have , nor have of the .

4 has to and come ? has the in his ? has the in a ? has the of the ? is his , and is his ? you !

5 of ; he is a to those who in him.

6 not add to his , lest he you and you be found a .

7 things I of you; them to me I :

8Remove from me and ; me nor ; me with the that is for me,

9 I be and you and , is the Lord? or I be and and the of my .

10Do a to his , he you, and you be .

11There who their and do their .

12There who are in their own but are of their .

13There are their , how their !

14There whose are , whose are , to the from off the , the from among .

15The has : and . things are ; , :

16 , the , the with , and the that , .

17The that a and to a will be by the of the and by the .

18 things are too for me; I do :

19the of an in the , the of a a , the of a on the , and the of a with a .

20 is the of an : she and her and , I have .

21 things the ; it bear :

22a when he , and a when he is with ;

23an when she gets a , and a when she her .

24 things on are , but they are :

25the are a , yet they their in the ;

26the are a , yet they their in the ;

27the have , yet all in ;

28the you in your , yet it is in .

29 things are in their ; are in their :

30the , which is among and does ;

31the , , and a is with him.

32 you have been , , or you have been , put your on your .

33 , the , and .

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Proverbs 30.

Full AI study →

vv1-6

Agur speaks of himself as wanting a righteousness, and having done very foolishly. And it becomes us all to have low thoughts of ourselves. He speaks of himself as wanting revelation to guide him in the ways of truth and wisdom. The more enlightened people are, the more they lament their ignorance; the more they pray for clearer, still clearer discoveries of God, and his rich grace in Christ Jesus. In verse 4, there is a prophetic notice of Him who came down from heaven to be our Instructor and Saviour, and then ascended into heaven to be our Advocate. The Messiah is here spoken of as a Person distinct from the Father, but his name as yet secret. The great Redeemer, in the glories of his providence and grace, cannot be found out to perfection. Had it not been for Christ, the foundations of the earth had sunk under the load of the curse upon the ground, for man's sin. Who, and what is the mighty One that doeth all this? There is not the least ground to suspect anything wanting in the word of God; adding to his words opens the way to errors and corruptions.

vv7-9

Agur wisely prayed for a middle state, that he might be kept at a distance from temptations; he asked daily bread suited to his station, his family, and his real good. There is a remarkable similarity between this prayer and several clauses of the Lord's prayer. If we are removed from vanity and lies; if we are interested in the pardoning love of Christ, and have him for our portion; if we walk with God, then we shall have all we can ask or think, as to spiritual things. When we consider how those who have abundance are prone to abuse the gift, and what it is to suffer want, Agur's prayer will ever be found a wise one, though seldom offered. Food convenient; what is so for one, may not be so for another; but we may be sure that our heavenly Father will supply all our need, and not suffer us to want anything good for us; and why should we wish for more?

v10

Slander not a servant to his master, accuse him not in small matters, to make mischief.

Cross References

Proverbs 30
v4John 3:13allusion

Our Lord references this question of ascending/descending to establish His divine origin and unique revelatory authority.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v6Deuteronomy 4:2thematic

Strict canonical prohibition against adding to or taking away from God's perfect revealed words.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v25Proverbs 6:6-8thematic

Direct parallel in Proverbs comparing the industrious ant who prepares its food in summer.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v3Amos 7:14thematic

Poole notes Agur's humble self-assessment parallels Amos's description of being unlearned in prophetic schools.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Asks who will go up to heaven for us, highlighting human inability to fetch divine wisdom.

Supported by JFB

v5Psalms 12:6thematic

Identifies the purity of God's word, compared to silver tried and purified seven times.

Supported by JFB

v5Psalms 119:140thematic

Declares that God's word is very pure, prompting the servant's love and trust.

Supported by JFB

The warning that physical fullness leads to forgetting and denying the Lord, exactly as Agur fears.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v32Job 40:4thematic

The exact physical gesture of laying a hand on the mouth in humble silence before God.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v4Romans 10:6allusion

Paul uses the ascending/descending phrasing to point to Christ's incarnation and resurrection.

Supported by Matthew Poole

The final warning of Scripture echoing the prohibition of adding to the words of God.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v22Proverbs 19:10thematic

Parallels the social disorder of a servant ruling over princes or holding high authority.

Supported by JFB

v23Genesis 16:4thematic

Historical example of a handmaid (Hagar) despising her mistress after obtaining a higher status.

Supported by JFB

v26Psalms 104:18thematic

Direct reference to the conies (feeble rock dwellers) making their refuge in the high hills.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v4Genesis 32:29thematic

The mysterious angel asks why Jacob inquires of his name, hinting at God's unsearchable nature.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v10Romans 14:4thematic

New Testament warning against judging or accusing another's servant, who stands or falls to his master.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v15Proverbs 6:16thematic

Parallels the numerical proverb style ('there are three, yea, four') used elsewhere in Proverbs.

Supported by JFB

v17Proverbs 20:20thematic

Proverbs' specific warning of severe judgment on children who curse or mock their parents.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v22Proverbs 28:3thematic

Echoes the unnatural oppression when a needy or servant-class person gains power.

Supported by JFB

v33Proverbs 17:14thematic

Illustrates how the forcing or initiation of contention is like letting out water.

Supported by Matthew Henry