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1 Kings 19

1 Kings19

English Standard Version

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Tap any underlined word for the original Hebrew or Greek.

1 had , and how he had the with the .

2 Then a to , , the to me and also, if I do not your as the of of them by this .

3 Then he was , and he and for his and to , belongs to , and his .

4 But he himself a into the and and . And he that might , , It is ; , O Lord, take my , I am my .

5 And he and . And , an him and to him, and .

6 And he , and , his a baked on and a of . And he and and .

7 And the of the Lord came a and him and , and , the is too for you.

8 And he and and , and in the of that and to , the of .

9 There he to a and in it. And , the of the Lord came to him, and he to him, are you doing , ?

10 He , I have been for the Lord, the of . the of have your , your , and your with the , and I, even I , am , and they my , to take it .

11 And he , Go and on the the Lord. And , the Lord , and a and the and the the Lord, but the Lord was in the . And the an , but the Lord was in the .

12 And the a , but the Lord was in the . And the the of a .

13 And when it, he his in his and and at the of the . And , there came a to him and , are you doing , ?

14 He , I have been for the Lord, the of . For the of have your , your , and your with the , and I, even I , am , and they my , to take it .

15 And the Lord to him, , on your to the of . And when you , you shall to be .

16 And the of you shall to be , and the of of you shall to be in your .

17 And the one who the of shall , and the one who the of shall .

18 Yet I will in , the have to , and has him.

19 So he and the of , who was with of oxen in of him, and he was with the . by him and his upon him.

20 And he the and and , Let me my and my , and then I will you. And he to him, Go , have I to you?

21 And he him and the of and them and their with the of the and it to the , and they . Then he and and him.

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1 Kings 19

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Kings 19. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Elijah flees to the wilderness. (1–8). God manifests himself to Elijah. (9–13). God's answer to Elijah. (14–18). The call of Elisha. (19–21).

vv1-8

Jezebel sent Elijah a threatening message. Carnal hearts are hardened and enraged against God, by that which should convince and conquer them. Great faith is not always alike strong. He might be serviceable to Israel at this time, and had all reason to depend upon God's protection, while doing God's work; yet he flees. His was not the deliberate desire of grace, as Paul's, to depart and be with Christ. God thus left Elijah to himself, to show that when he was bold and strong, it was in the Lord, and the power of his might; but of himself he was no better than his fathers. God knows what he designs us for, though we do not, what services, what trials, and he will take care that we are furnished with grace sufficient.

vv9-13

The question God put, What doest thou here, Elijah? is a reproof. It concerns us often to ask whether we are in our place, and in the way of our duty. Am I where I should be? whither God calls me, where my business lies, and where I may be useful? He complained of the people, and their obstinacy in sin; I only am left. Despair of success hinders many a good enterprise. Did Elijah come hither to meet with God? he shall find that God will meet him. The wind, and earthquake, and fire, did not make him cover his face, but the still voice did. Gracious souls are more affected by the tender mercies of the Lord, than by his terrors. The mild voice of Him who speaks from the cross, or the mercy-seat, is accompanied with peculiar power in taking possession of the heart.

vv14-18

God repeated the question, What doest thou here? Then he complained of his discouragement; and whither should God's prophets go with their complaints of that kind, but to their Master? The Lord gave him an answer. He declares that the wicked house of Ahab shall be rooted out, that the people of Israel shall be punished for their sins; and he shows that Elijah was not left alone as he had supposed, and also that a helper should at once be raised up for him. Thus all his complaints are answered and provided for. God's faithful ones are often his hidden ones, Ps 83:3, and the visible church is scarcely to be seen: the wheat is lost in chaff, and the gold in dross, till the sifting, refining, separating day comes. The Lord knows them that are his, though we do not; he sees in secret. When we come to heaven we shall miss many whom we thought to have met there; we shall meet many whom we little thought to have met there. God's love often proves larger than man's charity, and far more extended.

Cross References

1 Kings 19
v10Romans 11:2-4allusion

Paul directly quotes Elijah's complaint regarding his solitude and God's answer concerning the seven thousand.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v18Romans 11:4quotation

New Testament quotation confirming God's preservation of a faithful remnant who have not bowed to Baal.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v3James 5:17thematic

Identifies Elijah as a man of 'like passions,' directly contextualizing his sudden fear and flight.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Illustrates how God leaves eminent instruments to their own weakness to prevent them from being exalted.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Exodus 34:28thematic

Parallels Moses' forty-day fast on the same mountain (Horeb/Sinai), drawing a direct typological link.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v9Exodus 33:21thematic

The 'cave' is traditionally identified with the cleft of the rock where Moses stood before God.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v4Jonah 4:3thematic

Parallels Jonah's petulant request to die under a shadow in the wilderness.

Supported by JFB

v152 Kings 8:7-13fulfillment

Records the direct historical execution and impact of Elijah's commission to anoint Hazael.

Supported by JFB

v162 Kings 9:1-3fulfillment

Fulfills the command to anoint Jehu king over Israel, completed through Elijah's successor.

Supported by JFB

v18Hosea 13:2thematic

Explains the physical practice of kissing idols as a gesture of worship to Baal.

Supported by JFB

v20Luke 9:61-62contrast

Jesus contrasts Elisha's permitted farewell with the absolute immediacy required of His disciples.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v11Exodus 19:18thematic

Recalls the terrifying wind, earthquake, and fire that accompanied God's lawgiving on Horeb.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v212 Samuel 24:22thematic

Parallels using wooden agricultural instruments as immediate fuel for a sacred sacrificial offering.

Supported by JFB

v12Job 4:16allusion

Provides the poetic background for 'a still small voice' (literally a still whisper/silence).

Supported by Matthew Poole