2 Kings 21NASB
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2 Kings21

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1Manasseh was twelve years old when he became king, and he reigned for fifty-five years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Hephzibah.

2He did evil in the sight of the Lord, in accordance with the abominations of the nations whom the Lord dispossessed before the sons of Israel.

3For he rebuilt the high places which his father Hezekiah had destroyed; and he erected altars for Baal and made an Asherah, just as Ahab king of Israel had done, and he worshiped all the heavenly lights and served them.

4And he built altars in the house of the Lord, of which the Lord had said, “In Jerusalem I will put My name.”

5He built altars for all the heavenly lights in the two courtyards of the house of the Lord.

6And he made his son pass through the fire, interpreted signs, practiced divination, and used mediums and spiritists. He did great evil in the sight of the Lord, provoking Him to anger.

7Then he put the carved image of Asherah that he had made in the house of which the Lord had said to David and to his son Solomon, “In this house and in Jerusalem, which I have chosen from all the tribes of Israel, I will put My name forever.

8And I will not make the feet of Israel wander anymore from the land which I gave their fathers, if only they will take care to act in accordance with everything that I have commanded them, and with all the Law that My servant Moses commanded them.”

9But they did not listen, and Manasseh encouraged them to do evil, more than the nations whom the Lord eliminated from the presence of the sons of Israel.

10Now the Lord spoke through His servants the prophets, saying,

11“Since Manasseh king of Judah has committed these abominations, having done more evil than all that the Amorites did who were before him, and has also misled Judah into sin with his idols,

12therefore this is what the Lord, the God of Israel says: ‘Behold, I am bringing such a disaster on Jerusalem and Judah that whoever hears about it, both of his ears will ring.

13I will stretch over Jerusalem the line of Samaria and the plummet of the house of Ahab, and I will wipe Jerusalem clean just as one wipes a bowl, wiping it and turning it upside down.

14And I will abandon the remnant of My inheritance and hand them over to their enemies, and they will become as plunder and spoils to all their enemies,

15because they have done evil in My sight, and have been provoking Me to anger since the day their fathers came from Egypt, even to this day.’”

16Furthermore, Manasseh shed very much innocent blood until he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another, besides his sin into which he misled Judah, in doing evil in the sight of the Lord.

17Now the rest of the acts of Manasseh and all that he did, and his sin which he committed, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah?

18And Manasseh lay down with his fathers and was buried in the garden of his own house, in the garden of Uzza, and his son Amon became king in his place.

19Amon was twenty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned for two years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Meshullemeth the daughter of Haruz of Jotbah.

20He did evil in the sight of the Lord, just as his father Manasseh had done.

21For he walked entirely in the way that his father had walked, and served the idols that his father had served, and worshiped them.

22So he abandoned the Lord, the God of his fathers, and did not walk in the way of the Lord.

23And the servants of Amon conspired against him and killed the king in his own house.

24Then the people of the land killed all those who had conspired against King Amon, and the people of the land made his son Josiah king in his place.

25Now the rest of the acts of Amon which he did, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah?

26He was buried in his grave in the garden of Uzza, and his son Josiah became king in his place.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Kings 21.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Wicked reign of Manasseh. (1–9). The prophetic denunciations against Judah. (10–18). Wicked reign and death of Amon. (19–26).

vv1-9

Young persons generally desire to become their own masters, and to have early possession of riches and power. But this, for the most part, ruins their future comfort, and causes mischief to others. It is much happier when young persons are sheltered under the care of parents or guardians, till age gives experience and discretion. Though such young persons are less indulged, they will afterwards be thankful. Manasseh wrought much wickedness in the sight of the Lord, as if on purpose to provoke him to anger; he did more evil than the nations whom the Lord destroyed. Manasseh went on from bad to worse, till carried captive to Babylon. The people were ready to comply with his wishes, to obtain his favour and because it suited their depraved inclinations. In the reformation of large bodies, numbers are mere time-servers, and in temptation fall away.

vv10-18

Here is the doom of Judah and Jerusalem. The words used represent the city emptied and utterly desolate, yet not destroyed thereby, but cleansed, and to be kept for the future dwelling of the Jews: forsaken, yet not finally, and only as to outward privileges, for individual believers were preserved in that visitation. The Lord will cast off any professing people who dishonour him by their crimes, but never will desert his cause on earth. In the book of Chronicles we read of Manasseh's repentance, and acceptance with God; thus we may learn not to despair of the recovery of the greatest sinners. But let none dare to persist in sin, presuming that they may repent and reform when they please. There are a few instances of the conversion of notorious sinners, that none may despair; and but few, that none may presume.

vv19-26

Amon profaned God's house with his idols; and God suffered his house to be polluted with his blood. How unrighteous soever they were that did it, God was righteous who suffered it to be done. Now was a happy change from one of the worst, to one of the best of the kings of Judah. Once more Judah was tried with a reformation. Whether the Lord bears long with presumptuous offenders, or speedily cuts them off in their sins, all must perish who persist in refusing to walk in his ways.

Cross References

2 Kings 21

Parallel account detailing Manasseh's early reign, extreme idolatries, and subsequent captivity and repentance.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v121 Samuel 3:11thematic

The precise metaphorical phrase of ears tingling at the report of catastrophic divine judgment.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v12Jeremiah 19:3thematic

Jeremiah uses the same ear-tingling metaphor to announce the identical destruction of Jerusalem.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v32 Kings 18:4contrast

Manasseh rebuilt the very high places his reformist father Hezekiah had destroyed.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Manasseh's idolatry explicitly modeled on Ahab's Baal worship and making of an Asherah grove.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v82 Samuel 7:10allusion

Alludes directly to the Davidic covenant promise that Israel would no longer move.

Supported by JFB

v11Jeremiah 15:4thematic

Jeremiah declares Judah's exile is explicitly because of what Manasseh did in Jerusalem.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

Parallel record of Amon's brief, wicked reign and failure to humble himself.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Parallel details of building altars for the host of heaven in temple courts.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v62 Kings 16:3thematic

Precedent of Ahaz making his son pass through fire, demonstrating Judah's progressive slide.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v13Isaiah 34:11allusion

Uses the measuring line and plummet as metaphors of total, planned destruction.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v13Lamentations 2:8allusion

Fulfillment of the line stretched over Jerusalem's walls during the Babylonian destruction.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v16Hebrews 11:37allusion

Traditional reference to Isaiah being sawn asunder under Manasseh's bloodthirsty purge.

Supported by JFB

v51 Kings 6:36thematic

Defines the inner and outer temple courts where Manasseh built pagan altars.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v112 Kings 23:26thematic

Even Josiah's reforms could not turn God's anger from Manasseh's deep provocations.

Supported by JFB