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2 Kings 21

2 Kings21

English Standard Version

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1 was when he began to , and he in . His was .

2 And he what was in the of the Lord, according to the practices of the whom the Lord drove the of .

3 For he the that his had , and he for and an , as of had , and the of and them.

4 And he in the of the Lord, of which the Lord had , In will I my .

5 And he for all the of in the of the of the Lord.

6 And he his as an and used and omens and with and with . He in the of the Lord, provoking him to .

7 And the of that he had he in the of which the Lord to and to his , In , and in , which I have out of the of , I will my .

8 And I will the of to out of the that I to their , they will be to that I have them, and the that my them.

9 But they did , and led them to more than the had done whom the Lord the of .

10 And the Lord his the ,

11 of has and has done things more than that the , were him, and has also to with his ,

12 the Lord, the of : , I am upon and such of who of it will .

13 And I will the measuring of , and the of the of , and I will as a , it and it .

14 And I will the of my and them into the of their , and they shall become a and a to their ,

15 because they have what is in my and have me to , the their of , even to .

16 , , till he had from to , the that he to so that they what was in the of the Lord.

17 of the of and that he , and the that he , are they in the of the of the of ?

18 And with his and was in the of his , in the of , and his in his .

19 was when he began to , and he in . His was the of of .

20 And he what was in the of the Lord, as his had .

21 He in the in which his and the that his and them.

22 He the Lord, the of his , and in the of the Lord.

23 And the of him and the to in his .

24 But the of the those who had , and the of the his in his .

25 of the of he , are they in the of the of the of ?

26 And he was in his in the of , and his in his .

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2 Kings 21

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Kings 21. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Wicked reign of Manasseh. (1–9). The prophetic denunciations against Judah. (10–18). Wicked reign and death of Amon. (19–26).

vv1-9

Young persons generally desire to become their own masters, and to have early possession of riches and power. But this, for the most part, ruins their future comfort, and causes mischief to others. It is much happier when young persons are sheltered under the care of parents or guardians, till age gives experience and discretion. Though such young persons are less indulged, they will afterwards be thankful. Manasseh wrought much wickedness in the sight of the Lord, as if on purpose to provoke him to anger; he did more evil than the nations whom the Lord destroyed. Manasseh went on from bad to worse, till carried captive to Babylon. The people were ready to comply with his wishes, to obtain his favour and because it suited their depraved inclinations. In the reformation of large bodies, numbers are mere time-servers, and in temptation fall away.

vv10-18

Here is the doom of Judah and Jerusalem. The words used represent the city emptied and utterly desolate, yet not destroyed thereby, but cleansed, and to be kept for the future dwelling of the Jews: forsaken, yet not finally, and only as to outward privileges, for individual believers were preserved in that visitation. The Lord will cast off any professing people who dishonour him by their crimes, but never will desert his cause on earth. In the book of Chronicles we read of Manasseh's repentance, and acceptance with God; thus we may learn not to despair of the recovery of the greatest sinners. But let none dare to persist in sin, presuming that they may repent and reform when they please. There are a few instances of the conversion of notorious sinners, that none may despair; and but few, that none may presume.

vv19-26

Amon profaned God's house with his idols; and God suffered his house to be polluted with his blood. How unrighteous soever they were that did it, God was righteous who suffered it to be done. Now was a happy change from one of the worst, to one of the best of the kings of Judah. Once more Judah was tried with a reformation. Whether the Lord bears long with presumptuous offenders, or speedily cuts them off in their sins, all must perish who persist in refusing to walk in his ways.

Cross References

2 Kings 21

Parallel account detailing Manasseh's early reign, extreme idolatries, and subsequent captivity and repentance.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v121 Samuel 3:11thematic

The precise metaphorical phrase of ears tingling at the report of catastrophic divine judgment.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v12Jeremiah 19:3thematic

Jeremiah uses the same ear-tingling metaphor to announce the identical destruction of Jerusalem.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v32 Kings 18:4contrast

Manasseh rebuilt the very high places his reformist father Hezekiah had destroyed.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Manasseh's idolatry explicitly modeled on Ahab's Baal worship and making of an Asherah grove.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v82 Samuel 7:10allusion

Alludes directly to the Davidic covenant promise that Israel would no longer move.

Supported by JFB

v11Jeremiah 15:4thematic

Jeremiah declares Judah's exile is explicitly because of what Manasseh did in Jerusalem.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

Parallel record of Amon's brief, wicked reign and failure to humble himself.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Parallel details of building altars for the host of heaven in temple courts.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v62 Kings 16:3thematic

Precedent of Ahaz making his son pass through fire, demonstrating Judah's progressive slide.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v13Isaiah 34:11allusion

Uses the measuring line and plummet as metaphors of total, planned destruction.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v13Lamentations 2:8allusion

Fulfillment of the line stretched over Jerusalem's walls during the Babylonian destruction.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v16Hebrews 11:37allusion

Traditional reference to Isaiah being sawn asunder under Manasseh's bloodthirsty purge.

Supported by JFB

v51 Kings 6:36thematic

Defines the inner and outer temple courts where Manasseh built pagan altars.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v112 Kings 23:26thematic

Even Josiah's reforms could not turn God's anger from Manasseh's deep provocations.

Supported by JFB