Nahum 3NASB
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Nahum3

New American Standard

1Woe to the bloody city, completely full of lies and pillage; Her prey does not leave.

2The sound of the whip, The sound of the roar of the wheel, Galloping horses And bounding chariots!

3Horsemen charging, Swords flashing, spears gleaming, Many killed, a mass of corpses, And there is no end to the dead bodies— They stumble over the dead bodies!

4All because of the many sexual acts of the prostitute, The charming one, the mistress of sorceries, Who sells nations by her sexual acts, And families by her sorceries.

5“Behold, I am against you,” declares the Lord of armies; “And I will lift up your skirts over your face, And show the nations your nakedness, And the kingdoms your shame.

6I will throw filth on you And declare you worthless, And set you up as a spectacle.

7And it will come about that all who see you Will shrink from you and say, ‘Nineveh is devastated! Who will have sympathy for her?’ Where shall I seek comforters for you?”

8Are you better than No-amon, Which was situated by the canals of the Nile, With water surrounding her, Whose rampart was the sea, Whose wall consisted of the sea?

9Ethiopia was her might, Egypt too, without limits. Put and Lubim were among her helpers.

10Yet she became an exile, She went into captivity; Also her small children were smashed to pieces At the head of every street; They cast lots for her honorable men, And all her great men were bound with shackles.

11You too will become drunk, You will be hidden. You too will search for a refuge from the enemy.

12All your fortifications are fig trees with ripe fruit— When shaken, they fall into the eater’s mouth.

13Behold, your people are women in your midst! The gates of your land are opened wide to your enemies; Fire consumes your gate bars.

14Draw for yourself water for a siege! Strengthen your fortifications! Go into the clay and tread the mortar! Take hold of the brick mold!

15There fire will consume you, The sword will cut you down; It will consume you as the creeping locust consumes a crop. Multiply yourself like the creeping locust, Multiply yourself like the migratory locust.

16You have made your traders more numerous than the stars of heaven— The creeping locust sheds its skin and flies away.

17Your courtiers are like the migratory locust. Your officials are like a swarm of locusts Settling in the stone shelters on a cold day. The sun rises and they flee, And the place where they are is not known.

18Your shepherds are sleeping, O king of Assyria; Your officers are lying down. Your people are scattered on the mountains And there is no one to gather them.

19There is no relief for your collapse, Your wound is incurable. All who hear about you Will clap their hands over you, For upon whom has your evil not come continually?

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Nahum 3.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The sins and judgments of Nineveh. (1–7). Its utter destruction. (8–19).

vv1-7

When proud sinners are brought down, others should learn not to lift themselves up. The fall of this great city should be a lesson to private persons, who increase wealth by fraud and oppression. They are preparing enemies for themselves; and if the Lord sees good to punish them in this world, they will have none to pity them. Every man who seeks his own prosperity, safety, and peace, should not only act in an upright, honourable manner, but with kindness to all.

vv8-19

Strong-holds, even the strongest, are no defence against the judgments of God. They shall be unable to do any thing for themselves. The Chaldeans and Medes would devour the land like canker-worms. The Assyrians also would be eaten up by their own numerous hired troops, which seem to be meant by the word rendered “merchants.” Those that have done evil to their neighbours, will find it come home to them. Nineveh, and many other cities, states, and empires, have been ruined, and should be a warning to us. Are we better, except as there are some true Christians amongst us, who are a greater security, and a stronger defence, than all the advantages of situation or strength? When the Lord shows himself against a people, every thing they trust in must fail, or prove a disadvantage; but he continues good to Israel. He is a strong-hold for every believer in time of trouble, that cannot be stormed or taken; and he knoweth those that trust in Him.

Cross References

Nahum 3
v5Isaiah 47:3thematic

Exposing a proud city's nakedness as a harlot's punishment; Nahum echoes Isaiah's language.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Jeremiah 13:22thematic

The severe judgment of uncovering skirts upon the face for persistent spiritual/political whoredoms.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Ezekiel 16:37thematic

Stripping a harlot-city naked in the sight of her former lovers/allies.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Isaiah 51:19thematic

Nahum's exact verbal query ('who will bemoan her?') mirrors Isaiah's lamentation over Jerusalem.

Supported by JFB

v2Jeremiah 47:3thematic

Vivid battle soundscape detailing rushing war chariots, rattling wheels, and galloping horses.

Supported by JFB

v4Isaiah 47:9thematic

Judgment coming upon a proud empire despite its abundance of witchcrafts and enchantments.

Supported by JFB

v4Isaiah 47:12thematic

Sorceries and enchantments fail to preserve the proud imperial city from sudden destruction.

Supported by JFB

The deceptive political/religious 'whoredoms' and 'witchcrafts' of imperial Nineveh prefigure mystical Babylon.

Supported by Matthew Poole

The historical fall of No-Amon (Thebes) as a warning pattern for Nineveh's impending ruin.

Supported by JFB

v1Zephaniah 3:1-3thematic

Denunciation of the 'bloody city' filled with oppression, lies, rapine, and injustice.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Isaiah 23:17thematic

Commercial and diplomatic seductions of a city described metaphorically as the whoredoms of a harlot.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Spectators standing afar off, fleeing from her torment and lamenting the ruined city.

Supported by JFB

v13Jeremiah 51:30thematic

Defenders becoming like women, their courage failing as the gates are burned with fire.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v8Amos 6:2thematic

Challenging a proud nation whether they are truly better than other great cities already destroyed.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Passersby clapping their hands and hissing over the total, irremediable ruin of the city.

Supported by Matthew Poole