Psalms78
English Standard Version
Tap any underlined word for the original Hebrew or Greek.
1 A of . , O my , to my ; your to the of my !
2 I will my in a ; I will from of ,
3 that we have and , that our have us.
4 We will them from their , but to the coming the of the Lord, and his , and the that he has .
5 He a in and a in , he our to to their ,
6 the might them, the , and and them to their ,
7 so that they should their in and the of , but his ;
8 and that they should be like their , a and , a whose was , whose was to .
9 The , with the , on the of .
10 They did , but to according to his .
11 They his and the that he had them.
12 In the of their he in the of , in the of .
13 He the and let them it, and made the like a .
14 In the he them with a , and the with a .
15 He in the and gave them as from the .
16 He come of the and to flow like .
17 Yet they against him, against the in the .
18 They in their by the they .
19 They against , , a in the ?
20 the so that and . he for his ?
21 , when the Lord , he was ; a was against ; against ,
22 they did in and did his .
23 Yet he the and the of ,
24 and he on them to and them the of .
25 of the of the ; he them in .
26 He the to in the , and by his he the ;
27 he them like , like the of the ;
28 he let them in the of their , all their .
29 And they and were , for he them what they .
30 But before they had their , while the was in their ,
31 the of against them, and he the of them and the of .
32 In spite of , they ; despite his , they did .
33 So he their like a , and their in .
34 When he them, they him; they and .
35 They was their , the their .
36 But they him with their ; they to him with their .
37 Their was him; they were his .
38 Yet he, being , for their and did them; he his and did his .
39 He they were but , a that and .
40 often they against him in the and him in the !
41 They again and and the of .
42 They did his or the he them from the ,
43 he his in and his in the of .
44 He their to , so that they could of their .
45 He among them swarms of , which them, and , which them.
46 He their to the and the fruit of their to the .
47 He their with and their with .
48 He their to the and their to .
49 He on them his , , , and , a of .
50 He a for his ; he did from , but their to the .
51 He in , the of their in the of .
52 Then he his like and them in the like a .
53 He them in , so that they were , but the their .
54 And he them his , to the his had .
55 He them; he them for a and the of in their .
56 Yet they and the and did his ,
57 but and like their ; they like a .
58 For they provoked him to with their ; they moved him to with their .
59 When , he was , and he .
60 He his at , the where he among ,
61 and his to , his to the of the .
62 He his to the and vented his on his .
63 their , and their had .
64 Their by the , and their made .
65 Then the as from , like a because .
66 And he his to ; he put them to .
67 He the of ; he did the of ,
68 but he the of , , he .
69 He his like the , like the , which he has .
70 He his and him from the ;
71 from the he him to his , his .
72 With he them and them with his .
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Psalms 78Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Psalms 78. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Attention called for. (1–8). The history of Israel. (9–39). Their settlement in Canaan. (40–55). The mercies of God to Israel contrasted with their ingratitude. (56–72).
vv1-8
These are called dark and deep sayings, because they are carefully to be looked into. The law of God was given with a particular charge to teach it diligently to their children, that the church may abide for ever. Also, that the providences of God, both in mercy and in judgment, might encourage them to conform to the will of God. The works of God much strengthen our resolution to keep his commandments. Hypocrisy is the high road to apostacy; those that do not set their hearts right, will not be stedfast with God. Many parents, by negligence and wickedness, become murderers of their children. But young persons, though they are bound to submit in all things lawful, must not obey sinful orders, or copy sinful examples.
vv9-39
Sin dispirits men, and takes away the heart. Forgetfulness of God's works is the cause of disobedience to his laws. This narrative relates a struggle between God's goodness and man's badness. The Lord hears all our murmurings and distrusts, and is much displeased. Those that will not believe the power of God's mercy, shall feel the fire of his indignation. Those cannot be said to trust in God's salvation as their happiness at last, who can not trust his providence in the way to it. To all that by faith and prayer, ask, seek, and knock, these doors of heaven shall at any time be opened; and our distrust of God is a great aggravation of our sins. He expressed his resentment of their provocation; not in denying what they sinfully lusted after, but in granting it to them. Lust is contented with nothing. Those that indulge their lust, will never be estranged from it. Those hearts are hard indeed, that will neither be melted by the mercies of the Lord, nor broken by his judgments. Those that sin still, must expect to be in trouble still. And the reason why we live with so little comfort, and to so little purpose, is, because we do not live by faith. Under these rebukes they professed repentance, but they were not sincere, for they were not constant. In Israel's history we have a picture of our own hearts and lives. God's patience, and warnings, and mercies, imbolden them to harden their hearts against his word. And the history of kingdoms is much the same. Judgments and mercies have been little attended to, until the measure of their sins has been full. And higher advantages have not kept churches from declining from the commandments of God. Even true believers recollect, that for many a year they abused the kindness of Providence. When they come to heaven, how will they admire the Lord's patience and mercy in bringing them to his kingdom!
vv40-55
Let not those that receive mercy from God, be thereby made bold to sin, for the mercies they receive will hasten its punishment; yet let not those who are under Divine rebukes for sin, be discouraged from repentance. The Holy One of Israel will do what is most for his own glory, and what is most for their good. Their forgetting former favours, led them to limit God for the future. God made his own people to go forth like sheep; and guided them in the wilderness, as a shepherd his flock, with all care and tenderness. Thus the true Joshua, even Jesus, brings his church out of the wilderness; but no earthly Canaan, no worldly advantages, should make us forget that the church is in the wilderness while in this world, and that there remaineth a far more glorious rest for the people of God.
Key Words
מַשְׂכִּיל: instructive, i.e. a didactic poem
אָסָף: Asaph, the name of three Israelites, and of the family of the first
אָזַן: to broaden out the ear (with the hand), i.e. (by implication) to listen
עַם: a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
תּוֹרָה: a precept or statute, especially the Decalogue or Pentateuch
נָטָה: to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application
אֹזֶן: broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)
אֵמֶר: something said
פֶּה: the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) according to
פָּתַח: to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve
Cross References
Psalms 78Matthew explicitly quotes this verse as fulfilled by Christ's teaching in parables.
Supported by John Calvin
Direct historical reference to the burning fire of the Lord's anger at Taberah.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The exact historical fulfillment: the wrath of God striking while meat was in their mouths.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The historical fulfillment of God forsaking the tabernacle of Shiloh when the Philistines captured the Ark.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
The capture of the ark (God's strength/glory) and death of Hophni and Phinehas.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Direct parallel to commanding fathers to make the law known to their children.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The historical account of God striking the rock in Horeb to produce water.
Supported by JFB
The second historical instance of Moses striking the rock to produce abundant water.
Supported by JFB
New Testament identification of the wilderness rock as a type of Christ.
The historical account of the wind bringing quail from the sea.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
God's decree consuming their days in vanity and wandering in the wilderness.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallels flattering with mouths and lying with tongues while hearts are far away.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Direct parallel of God remembering His people are but frail flesh and dust.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Directly links Israel's repeated desert murmurings to the 'ten times' they tempted and limited God.
Supported by JFB
Uses the identical, vivid prophetic metaphor of Israel as a warped, 'deceitful bow' failing its purpose.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Jeremiah points back to God's judgment on Shiloh as a warning for Jerusalem's temple.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
God's covenant reminder of taking David from the sheepcote to lead Israel.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Echoes God declaring His testimonies and laws uniquely to Jacob and Israel.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Mentions Hebron and Zoan, aligning with the historical setting in the field of Zoan.
Supported by JFB
An evil heart of unbelief in departing from the living God, echoing verse 22.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Christ discusses the true bread from heaven in contrast to the wilderness manna.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Establishes God as the Rock, their faithful Redeemer and Creator.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Internal cross-reference defining a heart not set aright or steadfast with God.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The historical account of the first plague turning the Nile and rivers of Egypt to blood.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The ultimate plague on Egypt: the slaying of the firstborn in the land of Ham.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Shares the identical shepherd-and-flock imagery for God leading His people through the wilderness.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Fulfills Moses' prophetic song of bringing the people to the mountain of God's inheritance.
Supported by John Calvin, Matthew Poole
Phinehas' wife names the child Ichabod, for the glory has departed with the ark.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The Lord smote the Philistines in the hinder parts with emerods at Ashdod.
Supported by Matthew Poole
God casting out Ephraim and rejecting the tabernacle of Shiloh.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Judah prevailed over his brethren, and of him came the chief ruler.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
David keeping the sheep when Samuel arrives to anoint him as king.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The legal background defining a 'stubborn and rebellious' generation.
Supported by JFB
Parallel description of an evil ruler who 'prepared (set) not his heart' to seek God.
Supported by JFB
Historical record of the northern tribes (Ephraim) rejecting God's covenant.
Supported by JFB
Paul's commentary on Israel passing through the sea under the cloud.