Numbers 27NIV
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Numbers27

New International Version

1The daughters of Zelophehad son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Makir, the son of Manasseh, belonged to the clans of Manasseh son of Joseph. The names of the daughters were Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah and Tirzah. They came forward

2and stood before Moses, Eleazar the priest, the leaders and the whole assembly at the entrance to the tent of meeting and said,

3“Our father died in the wilderness. He was not among Korah’s followers, who banded together against the Lord, but he died for his own sin and left no sons.

4Why should our father’s name disappear from his clan because he had no son? Give us property among our father’s relatives.”

5So Moses brought their case before the Lord,

6and the Lord said to him,

7“What Zelophehad’s daughters are saying is right. You must certainly give them property as an inheritance among their father’s relatives and give their father’s inheritance to them.

8“Say to the Israelites, ‘If a man dies and leaves no son, give his inheritance to his daughter.

9If he has no daughter, give his inheritance to his brothers.

10If he has no brothers, give his inheritance to his father’s brothers.

11If his father had no brothers, give his inheritance to the nearest relative in his clan, that he may possess it. This is to have the force of law for the Israelites, as the Lord commanded Moses.’”

12Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go up this mountain in the Abarim Range and see the land I have given the Israelites.

13After you have seen it, you too will be gathered to your people, as your brother Aaron was,

14for when the community rebelled at the waters in the Desert of Zin, both of you disobeyed my command to honor me as holy before their eyes.” (These were the waters of Meribah Kadesh, in the Desert of Zin.)

15Moses said to the Lord,

16“May the Lord, the God who gives breath to all living things, appoint someone over this community

17to go out and come in before them, one who will lead them out and bring them in, so the Lord’s people will not be like sheep without a shepherd.”

18So the Lord said to Moses, “Take Joshua son of Nun, a man in whom is the spirit of leadership, and lay your hand on him.

19Have him stand before Eleazar the priest and the entire assembly and commission him in their presence.

20Give him some of your authority so the whole Israelite community will obey him.

21He is to stand before Eleazar the priest, who will obtain decisions for him by inquiring of the Urim before the Lord. At his command he and the entire community of the Israelites will go out, and at his command they will come in.”

22Moses did as the Lord commanded him. He took Joshua and had him stand before Eleazar the priest and the whole assembly.

23Then he laid his hands on him and commissioned him, as the Lord instructed through Moses.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Numbers 27.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The daughters of Zelophehad apply for an inheritance, The law of inheritances. (1–11). Moses warned of his death. (12–14). Joshua appointed to succeed Moses. (15–23).

vv1-11

The five daughters of Zelophehad considered themselves as left destitute, having neither father nor brother to inherit any land. Their believing expectation that the word of the Lord would be performed in due season, and their desire of an interest in the promised inheritance; and the modest, candid manner in which they asked, without secret murmurs or discontents, are a good example. They ask for a possession in the land of Canaan. Herein they discovered, 1. Strong faith in the power and promise of God, concerning the giving of the land of Canaan to Israel. 2. And earnest desire of a place and name in the land of promise, which was a type of heaven. 3. Respect and honour for their father, whose name was dear to them now he was gone. He never had done any thing that might bar his children's claim. It is a comfort to parents when they come to die, if though they have smarted for their own sin, yet they are not conscious of any of those iniquities which God will visit on their children. God himself gives judgment. He takes notice of the affairs, not only of nations, but of private families, and orders them according to his will. The petition is granted. Those who seek an inheritance in the land of promise, shall have what they seek for, and other things shall be added to them.

vv12-14

Moses must die, but he shall have the satisfaction of seeing the land of promise. This sight of Canaan signified his believing prospect of the better country, that is, the heavenly. Moses must die, but death does not cut him off; it only brings him to rest with the holy patriarchs. It is but to die as they died, having lived as they lived; and as their end was peace, why should we fear any evil in the passage of that dark valley? (Nu 27:15-23)

vv15-23

Envious spirits do not love their successors; but Moses was not one of these. We should concern ourselves, both in our prayers and in our endeavours, for the rising generation, that religion may be maintained and advanced, when we are in our graves. God appoints a successor, even Joshua; who had signalized himself by his courage in fighting Amalek, his humility in ministering to Moses, and his faith and sincerity in witnessing against the report of the evil spies. This man God appoints to succeed Moses; a man in whom is the Spirit, the Spirit of grace. He is a good man, fearing God and hating covetousness, and acting from principle. He has the spirit of government; he is fit to do the work and discharge the trusts of his place. He has a spirit of conduct and courage; he had also the Spirit of prophecy. That man is not fully qualified for any service in the church of Christ, who is destitute of the graces and gifts of the Holy Spirit, whatever human abilities he may possess. And in Joshua's succession we are reminded “that the law was given by Moses,” who by reason of our transgression could not bring us to heaven; but “grace and truth came by Jesus Christ,” for the salvation of every believer.

Cross References

Numbers 27
v1Joshua 17:3-6fulfillment

Direct execution and fulfillment of the petition of Zelophehad's daughters for their inheritance.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v1Numbers 36:1-12thematic

Subsequent regulatory law requiring heiresses to marry within their own tribe to preserve patrimony.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v14Numbers 20:12thematic

The historical account of Moses and Aaron's sin at the waters of Meribah.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v16Numbers 16:22allusion

Moses uses the exact same unique title 'God of the spirits of all flesh'.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v171 Kings 22:17allusion

Micaiah's prophetic echo of Israel being scattered like sheep without a shepherd.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v17Matthew 9:36thematic

Jesus sees the crowds with compassion as sheep without a shepherd, echoing Moses' concern.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Contrasts Zelophehad's death with the rebellious group of Korah who lost their family heritage.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v12Deuteronomy 34:1-4fulfillment

Fulfillment of God's command for Moses to ascend Mount Abarim/Nebo and view Canaan.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v21Exodus 28:30thematic

Details the Urim and Thummim, by which Eleazar would ask counsel for Joshua.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Numbers 9:8thematic

Another instance of Moses delaying judgment to bring a difficult inquiry before the Lord.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v7Numbers 36:5thematic

Reaffirms that the daughters of Zelophehad have spoken and demanded what is right.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v18Deuteronomy 3:28thematic

God's explicit command to Moses to charge, encourage, and strengthen Joshua as his successor.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v7Galatians 3:28thematic

Spiritual parallel showing women share equally with men in the heavenly inheritance.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Reiterates Moses and Aaron's failure to sanctify God at the waters of Meribah-Kadesh.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v181 Timothy 4:14thematic

New Testament parallel of the laying on of hands to confer spiritual gifts and office.

Supported by JFB