1 Kings4
English Standard Version
Tap any underlined word for the original Hebrew or Greek.
1 was ,
2 and were his high : the of was the ;
3 and the of were ; the of was ;
4 the of was in of the ; and were ;
5 the of was the ; the of was and ;
6 was in of the ; and the of was in of the .
7 had , who for the and his . Each had to for one in the .
8 were their : , in the of ;
9 , in , , , and ;
10 , in (to him belonged the of );
11 , in Naphath-dor ( had the of as his );
12 the of , in , , and is , and from , as the other of ;
13 , in (he had the of the of , which are in , and he had the of , which is in , with and );
14 the of , in ;
15 , in (he had the of as his );
16 the of , in and ;
17 the of , in ;
18 the of , in ;
19 the of , in the of , the of of the and of of . And there was who was over the .
20 and were as as the by the . They and and were .
21 over the the to the of the and the of . They and the of his .
22 for was of and of ,
23 , and , a , , , , and .
24 he had over the region of the , over the of the . And he had him.
25 And and in , even , every his and under his , the of .
26 also had of for his , and .
27 for , and for who to , in his . They let be .
28 also and for the and they to the it was , according to his .
29 And and , and of like the on the ,
30 so that the of the of the and the of .
31 For he was other , wiser than the , and , , and , the of , and his was in the .
32 He also , and his were .
33 He of , the that is in the grows of the . He also , and , and , and of .
34 And people to the of , and the of the , had of his .
People in this chapter — 47
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1 Kings 4Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Kings 4. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Solomon's court. (1–19). Solomon's dominions, His daily provision. (20–28). The wisdom of Solomon. (29–34).
vv1-19
In the choice of the great officers of Solomon's court, no doubt, his wisdom appeared. Several are the same that were in his father's time. A plan was settled by which no part of the country was exhausted to supply his court, though each sent its portion.
vv20-28
Never did the crown of Israel shine so bright, as when Solomon wore it. He had peace on all sides. Herein, his kingdom was a type of the Messiah's; for to Him it is promised that he shall have the heathen for his inheritance, and that princes shall worship him. The spiritual peace, and joy, and holy security, of all the faithful subjects of the Lord Jesus, were typified by that of Israel. The kingdom of God is not, as Solomon's was, meat and drink, but, what is infinitely better, righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost. The vast number of his attendants, and the great resort to him, are shown by the provision daily made. Herein Christ far outdoes Solomon, that he feeds all his subjects, not with the bread that perishes, but with that which endures to eternal life.
vv29-34
Solomon's wisdom was more his glory than his wealth. He had what is here called largeness of heart, for the heart is often put for the powers of the mind. He had the gift of utterance, as well as wisdom. It is very desirable, that those who have large gifts of any kind, should have large hearts to use them for the good of others. What treasures of wisdom and knowledge are lost! But every sort of knowledge that is needful for salvation is to be found in the holy Scriptures. There came persons from all parts, who were more eager after knowledge than their neighbours, to hear the wisdom of Solomon. Solomon was herein a type of Christ, in whom are hid all treasures of wisdom and knowledge; and hid for us, for he is made of God to us, wisdom. Christ's fame shall spread through all the earth, and men of all nations shall come to him, learn of him, and take upon them his easy yoke, and find rest for their souls.
Key Words
מֶלֶךְ: a king
שְׁלֹמֹה: Shelomah, David's successor
עַל: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
אֵלֶּה: these or those
שַׂר: a head person (of any rank or class)
עֲזַרְיָה: Azarjah, the name of nineteen Israelites
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
צָדוֹק: Tsadok, the name of eight or nine Israelites
Cross References
1 Kings 4Solomon's extensive borders and tributary kingdoms typify the global, peaceful reign of the Messiah.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Solomon's borders directly fulfill the territorial covenant promise made by God to Abraham.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The proverbial expression of peace and safety: sitting securely under one's own vine and fig tree.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic imagery echoing Solomon's peaceful reign, where every man invites his neighbor under his vine.
Supported by JFB
Christ notes the Queen of the South came to hear Solomon's wisdom, pointing to Himself.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Adoniram's role over the tribute/levy of compulsory labor is detailed further in chapter five.
Supported by JFB
The fulfillment of God's promise to grant Solomon unmatched wisdom and understanding.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Identifies Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Dara as wise descendants of Zerah, whom Solomon excelled.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Illuminates the official court role of 'the king's friend' previously held by Hushai.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels David's monthly military division system with Solomon's monthly provision officer system.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The massive population of Judah and Israel fulfills the patriarchal promise of sand-like multiplication.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Solomon's accumulation of thousands of horses stands in tension with the Mosaic prohibition for kings.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Shows continuity in Solomon's administration, retaining Jehoshaphat the recorder from David's reign.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Matches the boundaries of the land promised in Exodus from the river to the Philistines.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms Solomon's continued work of setting in order many proverbs for the people.
Supported by Matthew Henry