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1 Kings 4

1 Kings4

English Standard Version

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Tap any underlined word for the original Hebrew or Greek.

1 was ,

2 and were his high : the of was the ;

3 and the of were ; the of was ;

4 the of was in of the ; and were ;

5 the of was the ; the of was and ;

6 was in of the ; and the of was in of the .

7 had , who for the and his . Each had to for one in the .

8 were their : , in the of ;

9 , in , , , and ;

10 , in (to him belonged the of );

11 , in Naphath-dor ( had the of as his );

12 the of , in , , and is , and from , as the other of ;

13 , in (he had the of the of , which are in , and he had the of , which is in , with and );

14 the of , in ;

15 , in (he had the of as his );

16 the of , in and ;

17 the of , in ;

18 the of , in ;

19 the of , in the of , the of of the and of of . And there was who was over the .

20 and were as as the by the . They and and were .

21 over the the to the of the and the of . They and the of his .

22 for was of and of ,

23 , and , a , , , , and .

24 he had over the region of the , over the of the . And he had him.

25 And and in , even , every his and under his , the of .

26 also had of for his , and .

27 for , and for who to , in his . They let be .

28 also and for the and they to the it was , according to his .

29 And and , and of like the on the ,

30 so that the of the of the and the of .

31 For he was other , wiser than the , and , , and , the of , and his was in the .

32 He also , and his were .

33 He of , the that is in the grows of the . He also , and , and , and of .

34 And people to the of , and the of the , had of his .

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1 Kings 4

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Kings 4. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Solomon's court. (1–19). Solomon's dominions, His daily provision. (20–28). The wisdom of Solomon. (29–34).

vv1-19

In the choice of the great officers of Solomon's court, no doubt, his wisdom appeared. Several are the same that were in his father's time. A plan was settled by which no part of the country was exhausted to supply his court, though each sent its portion.

vv20-28

Never did the crown of Israel shine so bright, as when Solomon wore it. He had peace on all sides. Herein, his kingdom was a type of the Messiah's; for to Him it is promised that he shall have the heathen for his inheritance, and that princes shall worship him. The spiritual peace, and joy, and holy security, of all the faithful subjects of the Lord Jesus, were typified by that of Israel. The kingdom of God is not, as Solomon's was, meat and drink, but, what is infinitely better, righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost. The vast number of his attendants, and the great resort to him, are shown by the provision daily made. Herein Christ far outdoes Solomon, that he feeds all his subjects, not with the bread that perishes, but with that which endures to eternal life.

vv29-34

Solomon's wisdom was more his glory than his wealth. He had what is here called largeness of heart, for the heart is often put for the powers of the mind. He had the gift of utterance, as well as wisdom. It is very desirable, that those who have large gifts of any kind, should have large hearts to use them for the good of others. What treasures of wisdom and knowledge are lost! But every sort of knowledge that is needful for salvation is to be found in the holy Scriptures. There came persons from all parts, who were more eager after knowledge than their neighbours, to hear the wisdom of Solomon. Solomon was herein a type of Christ, in whom are hid all treasures of wisdom and knowledge; and hid for us, for he is made of God to us, wisdom. Christ's fame shall spread through all the earth, and men of all nations shall come to him, learn of him, and take upon them his easy yoke, and find rest for their souls.

Cross References

1 Kings 4
v21Psalms 72:8-11thematic

Solomon's extensive borders and tributary kingdoms typify the global, peaceful reign of the Messiah.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v21Genesis 15:18fulfillment

Solomon's borders directly fulfill the territorial covenant promise made by God to Abraham.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v25Micah 4:4thematic

The proverbial expression of peace and safety: sitting securely under one's own vine and fig tree.

Supported by JFB

v25Zechariah 3:10thematic

Prophetic imagery echoing Solomon's peaceful reign, where every man invites his neighbor under his vine.

Supported by JFB

v34Matthew 12:42thematic

Christ notes the Queen of the South came to hear Solomon's wisdom, pointing to Himself.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v61 Kings 5:13thematic

Adoniram's role over the tribute/levy of compulsory labor is detailed further in chapter five.

Supported by JFB

v291 Kings 3:12thematic

The fulfillment of God's promise to grant Solomon unmatched wisdom and understanding.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v311 Chronicles 2:6thematic

Identifies Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Dara as wise descendants of Zerah, whom Solomon excelled.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v52 Samuel 15:37thematic

Illuminates the official court role of 'the king's friend' previously held by Hushai.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Parallels David's monthly military division system with Solomon's monthly provision officer system.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v20Genesis 22:17thematic

The massive population of Judah and Israel fulfills the patriarchal promise of sand-like multiplication.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Solomon's accumulation of thousands of horses stands in tension with the Mosaic prohibition for kings.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v32 Samuel 8:16thematic

Shows continuity in Solomon's administration, retaining Jehoshaphat the recorder from David's reign.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v21Exodus 23:31fulfillment

Matches the boundaries of the land promised in Exodus from the river to the Philistines.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Confirms Solomon's continued work of setting in order many proverbs for the people.

Supported by Matthew Henry